Using CarSim and TruckSim

Taehyun Shin (Henry W. Patton Center for Engineering Education and Practice, University of Michigan, Dearborn). "Investigation of Suspension Characteristics and Development of Effective Suspension Model for Vehicle Roll Control." Annual Progress Report, 2006. Show summary

A vehicle model that can represent realistic roll behavior is essential to predicting impending rollover as well as accurately applying actuation force to avoid rollover. The objective of this research is to develop a low-order parametric vehicle model that produces a closed roll response comparable to a multi-body-based vehicle model useful for active and passive roll control systems design.

CarSim is used as the multi-body-based model with combinations of different types of suspensions. A comprehensive study of roll behavior is assessed by performing vehicle maneuvers such as J-turns and fishhooks. The roll sensitivity analysis for the factors ignored in the roll plane model is evaluated, and its responses are compared with those of a low-order parametric vehicle model with 1-D and 2-D suspensions. A comprehensive algorithm that improves the roll response of the low-order model is then developed using measureable vehicle inputs.

Patrick Mcnaull, Dennis Guenther, Gary Heydinger (Ohio State University), Paul Grygier (National Highway Traffic Safety Administration), and Mohamed Kamel Salaani (Transportation Research Center). "Validation and Enhancement of a Heavy Truck Simulation Model with an Electronic Stability Control Model". April 2010. Show summary

Validation was performed on an existing heavy truck vehicle dynamics computer model with roll stability control (RSC). The first stage in this validation was to compare the response of the simulated tractor to that of the experimental tractor. By looking at the steady-state gains of the tractor, adjustments were made to the model to more closely match the experimental results. These adjustments included suspension and steering compliances, as well as auxiliary roll moment modifications. Once the validation of the truck tractor was completed for the current configuration, the existing 53-foot box trailer model was added to the vehicle model. The next stage in experimental validation for the current tractor-trailer model was to incorporate suspension compliances and modify the auxiliary roll stiffness to more closely model the experimental response of the vehicle. The final validation stage was to implement some minor modifications to the existing RSC model.

Patrick Mcnaull, Dennis Guenther, Gary Heydinger (Ohio State University), Paul Grygier (National Highway Traffic Safety Administration), and Mohamed Kamel Salaani (Transportation Research Center). "Integration of a Torsional Stiffness Model into an Existing Heavy Truck Vehicle Dynamics Model". April 2010. Show summary

Torsional stiffness properties were developed for both a 53-foot box trailer and a 28-foot flatbed control trailer based on experimental measurements. In order to study the effect of torsional stiffness on the dynamics of a heavy truck vehicle dynamics computer model, static maneuvers were conducted comparing different torsional stiffness values to the original rigid vehicle model. Stiffness properties were first developed for a truck tractor model. It was found that the incorporation of a torsional stiffness model had only a minor effect on the overall tractor response for steady-state maneuvers up to 0.4 g lateral acceleration.

Santhosh Chandrasekharan (Arvin Meritor), Dennis Guenther (Ohio State University), Mohamed Kamel Salaani, Scott Bradley Zagorski (Transportation Research Center), Gary Heydinger (SEA Limited), and Paul Grygier (National Highway Traffic Safety Administration). "Simulation Results from a Model of a Tractor Trailer Vehicle Equipped with Roll Stability Control". April 2010. Show summary

In 2007, a software model of a Roll Stability Control (RSC) system was developed based on test data for a Volvo tractor at NHTSA's Vehicle Research and Test Center (VRTC). This model was designed to simulate the RSC performance of a commercially available Electronic Stability Control (ESC) system. The RSC model was developed in Simulink and integrated with the available braking model (TruckSim) for the truck. The Simulink models were run in parallel with the vehicle dynamics model of a truck in TruckSim. The complete vehicle model including the RSC system model is used to simulate the behavior of the actual truck and determine the capability of the RSC system in preventing rollovers under different conditions. Several simulations were performed to study the behavior of the model developed and to compare its performance with that of an actual test vehicle equipped with RSC.

Damoon Soudbakhsh and Azim Eskandarian (George Washington University). "A Collision Avoidance Steering Controller using Linear Quadratic Regulator". April 2010. Show summary

Vehicle steering control can provide assistance to drivers for lane keeping, automated trajectory following, or more extreme evasive maneuvers. An active torque control steering system is designed using Linear Quadratic Regulator (LQR), and its performance was evaluated using the commercial software CARSIM. The system is developed to maintain a desired trajectory for the vehicle in performing evasive maneuvers to avoid imminent crash scenarios. In order to better understand the behavior of the system with different controllers, a simple bicycle model of the vehicle was developed, and an LQR controller was developed to control vehicle steering torque. The controller uses yaw angle, yaw rate, velocity, and position of the vehicle to generate the required steering torque to follow the desired trajectory. An observer was developed to estimate non-measured parameters. Trajectories are generated to follow a lane change before reaching the obstacle. The developed system was tested in various obstacle avoidance and lane change scenarios, and the vehicle was able to avoid obstacles.

Tomoya Toyohira (Honda). "The Validity of EPS Control System Development using HILS". April 2010. Show summary

In recent years, the increased use of electric power steering in vehicles has increased the importance of issues such as making systems more compact and lightweight, and dealing with increased development man-hours.

John Consiglio and George J. Delagrammatikas (Cooper Union). "A Cost-Effective Engine-in-the-Loop Powertrain Testing System". April 2010. Show summary

The increasing push to accelerate the product design process and to minimize physical testing expense has promoted the development of hardware-in-the-loop testing procedures which couple well-defined virtual models with physical systems. Clear advantages include: 1) the advanced screening of candidate designs and control algorithms earlier in the product development phase, 2) lower overall testing cost to the manufacturer, 3) faster test times for design iterations, and 4) greater flexibility in the types of tests possible. This paper describes the design of an economical system that uses a parameterized, model-based vehicle simulation to control the operation of powertrain test cell hardware as part of a real-time test procedure. A commercially available vehicle simulation package allows for the modeling of a variety of chassis and powertrain combinations, along with a wide range of test procedures. This simulation is linked to an automated test stand that controls dynamometer loading and powertrain throttle, clutch, and gear positions. The selection and integration of the key test stand subsystems are detailed in this paper. This proposed method enhances conventional testing methods by providing an improved means of studying the important interactions between a vehicle chassis and its powertrain while remaining in a highly controlled laboratory environment. It is possible to effectively capture important details of powertrain performance that are otherwise lost by more common testing methods. This end result is a proof-of-concept that is potentially more versatile and realistic than traditional steady state or transient powertrain testing.

John Limroth (Michelin Americas Research Company) and Thomas Kurfess (Clemson University). "Design of an Open-Loop Steering Robot Profile for Double Lane Change Maneuver Using Simulation". April 2010. Show summary

This paper presents a methodology for designing a simple open-loop steering robot profile to simulate a double lane change maneuver for track testing of a heavy tractor/trailer combination vehicle. For track testing of vehicles in a lane change type of maneuver, a human driver is typically used with a desired path defined with visual cues such as traffic cones. Such tests have been shown to result in poor test repeatability due to natural variation in driver steering behavior. While a steering robot may be used to overcome this repeatability issue, such a robot typically implements open-loop maneuvers and cannot be guaranteed to cause the vehicle to accurately follow a pre-determined trajectory.

Berzah Ozan, Polat Sendur, M. Eren Uyanik, Yahya Oz, and Ilker Yilmaz (Ford Otosan AS). "A Model Validation Methodology for Evaluating Rollover Resistance Performance of a Ford Commercial Vehicle". April 2010. Show summary

Rollover accidents are one of the most severe kinds of vehicle crashes, with a fatality rate higher than any other crash type [ 1 ]. Therefore, the rollover performance of a vehicle needs to be evaluated and improved, if necessary, before vehicle design is finalized. The objective of this paper is to present a correlation methodology of an ADAMS vehicle model of a commercial vehicle to static, quasi-static and dynamic behavior obtained from testing an actual program representative prototype. Achieving an acceptable level of correlation to physical test will allow this ADAMS model, with appropriate updates to production representative component data, to be used as the basis for assessing the rollover resistance performance of the vehicle.

Dennis Robertson and George J. Delagrammatikas (Cooper Union). "The Suspension System of the 2009 Cooper Union FSAE Vehicle: A Comprehensive Design Review". April 2010. Show summary

This work details the process employed to design the 2009 Cooper Union FSAE® suspension system, spanning the overarching design philosophy, configuration selection, analysis, fabrication, and implementation, while offering recommendations to those especially new to the field. The design methodology illustrated here provides a systematic approach to suspension geometry, material selection, packaging, and construction. Though this paper serves as a starting point for FSAE® suspension designers, it provides a succinct overview for those interested in general suspension design fundamentals.

David McDonald and Robert L. Hildebrand (Lake Superior State University). "Laboratory Learning Experiences in Vehicle Engineering". April 2010. Show summary

The paper presents initial development of a structure to offer lecture and laboratory experiences in vehicle engineering instruction as an option within existing engineering degree programs. Both Electrical and Mechanical Engineering majors may now complete a concentration option in Vehicle Systems that includes three new, specialized courses that required the development of new laboratory learning experiences. In addition, engineering students in various majors can select one or more of the courses without actually completing the concentration option. The paper focuses on using vehicle engineering as a platform to introduce and reinforce fundamental engineering principles and techniques in an atmosphere that embraces experiential learning in a laboratory environment. The paper will provide an overview of the vehicle engineering concentration with particular emphasis on the integration of laboratory content and initial outcomes assessment. Development of the courses and learning experiences was made possible through the support of several industrial partners.

Gary Bertollini, Linda Brainer, Jacqueline A. Chestnut, Steven Oja, and Joseph Szczerba (General Motors). "General Motors Driving Simulator and Applications to Human Machine Interface (HMI) Development". April 2010. Show summary

This report describes a new driving simulator capability at General Motors (GM) Research and Development's (R&D) Vehicle Development Research (VDR) Laboratory and its application in an iterative HMI development process. The paper also provides an overview of three recent simulator usability tests supporting HMI development.

Zhenhai Gao, Fei Gao, and Lifei Duan (SINA Corp.). "Research on Driver Model for Adaptive Control Behavior of Vehicle Direction". April 2010. Show summary

According to the process that a new driver becomes a low skill level driver and finally a skilled driver from learning how to drive, especially in light of the understanding on the vehicle lateral dynamics that will change from linear characteristic under low speed to strong nonlinear character under high speed, a novel driver model is established. At low speed linear range, off-line optimization based on genetic tuning is introduced into the model to get the optimal control parameters which is viewed as a basic understanding of the vehicle dynamic characteristics of a low skill level driver. On basis of the previous established model, neural network adaptive mechanism is introduced to the driver model which enables the driver to adjust the control online even at high speed non-linear area, reflecting a deeper understanding of the vehicle dynamic model. At last, simulation has been taken in order to verify the correctness and accuracy of the model.

Shane Halbach, Phillip Sharer, Sylvain Pagerit, Aymeric P. Rousseau, and Charles Folkerts (Argonne National Laboratory). "Model Architecture, Methods, and Interfaces for Efficient Math-Based Design and Simulation of Automotive Control Systems". April 2010. Show summary

Many of today's automotive control system simulation tools are suitable for simulation, but they provide rather limited support for model building and management. Setting up a simulation model requires more than writing down state equations and running them on a computer. The role of a model library is to manage the models of physical components of the system and allow users to share and easily reuse them. In this paper, we describe how modern software techniques can be used to support modeling and design activities; the objective is to provide better system models in less time by assembling these system models in a “plug-and-play” architecture. With the introduction of hybrid electric vehicles, the number of components that can populate a model has increased considerably, and more components translate into more possible drivetrain configurations. To address these needs, we explain how users can simulate a large number of drivetrain configurations. The proposed approach could be used to establish standards within the automotive modeling community.

Mike J. Johnston, Rob Rieveley, Jennifer Johrendt, and Bruce Minaker (University of Windsor). "Metrics for Evaluating the Ride Handling Compromise". April 2010. Show summary

Though the purpose of a vehicle's suspension is multi-faceted and complex, the fundamentals may be simply stated: the suspension exists to provide the occupants with a tolerable ride, while simultaneously ensuring that the tires maintain good contact with the ground. At the root of the familiar ride/handling compromise, is the problem that tuning efforts which improve either grip or handling are generally to the detriment of the other.

John Wilkinson, Thomas Klingler (General Motors), and Cedric W. Mousseau (Michelin Tire). "Brake Response Time Measurement for a HIL Vehicle Dynamics Simulator". April 2010. Show summary

Vehicle dynamics simulation with Hardware In the Loop (HIL) has been demonstrated to reduce development and validation time for dynamic control systems. For dynamic control systems such as Anti-lock Braking System (ABS) and Electronic Stability Control (ESC), an accurate vehicle dynamics performance simulation system requires the Electronic Brake Control Module (EBCM) coupled with the vehicles brake system hardware. This kind of HIL simulation-specific software tool can further increase efficiency by means of automation and optimization of the development and validation process. This paper presents a method for HIL vehicle dynamics simulator optimization through Brake Response Time (BRT) correlation. The paper discusses the differences between the physical vehicle and the HIL vehicle dynamics simulator. The differences between the physical and virtual systems are used as factors in the development of a Design Of Experiment (DOE) quantifying HIL simulator performance. Finally, the DOE results are used to drive the development of a tool to correlate the HIL system hardware to the physical vehicle BRT. This leads to the development of hardware with improved BRT, and to the design of new HIL simulators with improved brake response.

William E. Bombardier, John McPhee, and Chad Schmitke (University of Waterloo). "Symbolic Formulation of Multibody Dynamic Equations for Wheeled Vehicle Systems on Three-Dimensional Roads". April 2010. Show summary

A method to improve the computational efficiency of analyzing wheeled vehicle systems on three-dimensional (3-D) roads has been developed. This was accomplished by creating a technique to incorporate the tire on a 3-D road in a multibody dynamics model of the vehicle with an approach that formulates the governing equations using symbolic formulation. For general handling analysis performed on the vehicle, the tire forces and moments are determined using a tire model that represents the tire as a set of mathematical expressions. Since these expressions need numerical values to determine the forces and moments, a symbolic solution does not exist. Therefore, the evaluation of the tire forces and moments needs to be done during simulation. However, symbolic operations can be used when the governing equations are formulated to develop an efficient method to evaluate these forces.

Gianni Cario, Alessandro Casavola, Giuseppe Franze, Marco Lupia (Universita degli Studi della Calabria). "Predictive Time-to-Lane-Crossing Estimation for Lane Departure Warning Systems". 2009. Show summary

This paper presents a data fusion algorithm which is able to robustly estimate the Time-to-Lane-Crossing (TLC) of a vehicle traveling along a lane on the basis of road images, collected by an on-board videocamera, and kinematic data coming from car sensors. This algorithm is instrumental to build Lane Departure Warning Systems (LDWS) with enhanced predictive capabilities which allow the generation of earlier warnings able to better prevent dangerous driving situations coming from unintentional vehicle lane crossing occurences. Comparisons with no predictive strategies are carried out and discussed in order to verify the effectiveness of the proposed approach in some critical driving scenarios simulated within the CarSim simulation framework.

Patrick James McNaull (Ohio State University). “Modeling and Validation of a Heavy Truck model with Electronic Stability Control.” Master of Science Thesis, 2009. Show summary

Validation was performed on a TruckSim vehicle dynamics model of a bobtail tractor and then for the tractor pulling a semi-trailer undergoing both steady state and dynamic steering maneuvers. For the steady state runs little difference was seen between the rigid and torsionally flexible models. A slight difference was seen for the transient tests. The results show validation of the torsional model, comparison of simulation and experimental vehicle gains, and the effect of ESC activation on a ramp steer maneuver.

Gianni Cario, Alessandro Casavola, Guiseppe Franze, Marco Lupia (Universita degli Studi della Calabria) and Gianluigi Brasili (Infomobility, it S.p.A.), “Predictive Time-to-Lane-Crossing Estimation for Lane Departure Warning Systems.” Paper No. 09-0312, 21st ESV Safety Conference, Stuttgart, Germany, 2009. Show summary

This paper presents a data fusion algorithm which is able to robustly estimate the Time-to-Lane-Crossing of a vehicle traveling along a lane on the basis of road images, collected by an on-board video camera, and kinematic data coming from car sensors. CarSim provides the simulation framework for verifying the effectiveness of the proposed approach in critical driving scenarios.

Hiromichi Nozaki (Kogakuin University), Consideration of Steering Method Control Based on Driving Situation, October 2009. Show summary

Proportional-derivative steering assistance offers potential measures by which the control stability of a vehicle can be rapidly improved. Assist algorithms in which the derivative component was varied were investigated on a moving base driving simulator controlled by a CarSim vehicle model. As a result of the experiments the authors conclude that derivative control was beneficial in lane change maneuvers, but not so with J-turns.

Nobuyoshi Mutoh and Yuki Nakano (Tokyo Metropolitan University), “Dynamic Characteristic Analyses of the Front-and Rear-Wheel Independent-Drive-Type Electric Vehicle (FRID EV) When the Drive System Failed during Running under Various Road Conditions.” 5th International IEEE Vehicle Power & Propulsion Conference, Dearborn, MI, September 7-11, 2009. Show summary

This paper examines the effect of a drive motor failure on electric drive vehicles of various powertrain architectures. CarSim with the Magic Formula Tire Model is used to calculate the transient changes in yaw rate and lateral acceleration when a drive motor fails during various driving maneuvers on roads of different friction conditions. The experiments demonstrated the fail-safe driving performance of the FRID EV when driving at high speeds on curves and on slippery roads.

Tsung-Hsien Hu and Chih-Jung Yeh (Automotive Research and Testing Center, Changhwa, Taiwan), “Hardware Implementation of the Current Control Using the Internal Model Method in the Electric Power Steering Application.”  5th International IEEE Vehicle Power & Propulsion Conference, Dearborn, MI, September 7-11, 2009. Show summary

This paper introduces a development method for implementation of EPS control systems from simulation. Co-simulation tools using Matlab/Simulink and CarSim were used to predict the response of a vehicle with EPS, and the results were validated experimentally. The authors took advantage of MathWorks embedded code generator to create the C code for the DSP chip used for validation. They conclude that the co-simulation technique is helpful for verifying controller design and predicting system interaction and response before hardware implementation.

Chi-Chun Yao, Chia-Feng Lin and Kuang-Jen Chang (Automotive Research and Testing Center, Changhwa, Taiwan), “A Brake Strategy for an Automatic Parking System of Vehicle.”  5th International IEEE Vehicle Power & Propulsion Conference, Dearborn, MI, September 7-11, 2009. Show summary

This paper is concerned with development of a brake control strategy for an automatic parking system that achieves a smooth and stable speed trajectory for the parking process. The controller requires a simple vehicle longitudinal dynamics model including a powertrain, brake system and vehicle. CarSim is used to validate the longitudinal model in the controller.

Aykent Baris (Automotive and Power Train Engineering/Helmut Schmidt University, Germany), Subjective and Objective Evaluation of an Outrigger Construction's Effect on Rollover, June 2009. Show summary

This paper deals with the influence of an outrigger on roll stability of a load-dependent light commercial vehicle. CarSim is used to model the vehicle with two different outrigger designs and to control a driving simulator in which subjective tests are conducted. The results of the study were used in choosing the preferred design for the outrigger system.

Tejas Kinjawadekar, Neha Dixit, Gary J. Heydinger and Dennis A. Guenther (The Ohio State University), and Mohamed Kamel Salaani (Transportation Research Center, Inc.), Vehicle Dynamics Modeling and Validation of the 2003 Ford Expedition with ESC using CarSim, April 2009. Show summary

This paper discusses the development of a vehicle dynamics model and model validation of the 2003 Ford Expedition in CarSim. The tests used to measure vehicle data are described along with an account of the methodology used to determine parameters for the CarSim model. The simulated vehicle response was validated by comparison with field test data for the Slowly Increasing Steer test and the Sine with Dwell test.

Santhosh Chandrasekharan, Dennis A. Guenther and Gary J. Heydinger (The Ohio State University), and M. Kamel Salaani and Scott B. Zagorski (Transportation Research Center Inc.), Development of a Roll Stability Control Model for a Tractor Trailer Vehicle, April 2009. Show summary

This paper describes the research work done to develop a Roll Stability Control model to be used in conjunction with a vehicle dynamics model of a 6x4 tractor and trailer. Extensive proving grounds tests with a tractor trailer were analyzed to map out responses of multiple controllers (ABS, RSC, YSC and ESC functions). A simulation model based on TruckSim and Matlab/Simulink was used as an environment to develop a controller functionally equivalent to the roll stability control on the test vehicle.

Riccardo Marino and Stefano Scalzi (University of Rome Tor Vergata), Integrated Control of Active Steering and Electronic Differentials in Four Wheel Drive Vehicles, April 2009. Show summary

This paper investigates integrated control of front and rear active differentials in combination with active front steering. Simulations were carried out on a CarSim small SUV model to explore the robustness with respect to unmodelled dynamics such as pitch, roll and nonlinear combined lateral and longitudinal tire forces. The simulations showed reduced oscillations, robustness and enlarged bandwidth for the yaw rate tracking dynamics while new stable maneuvers are allowed especially in critical conditions such as split-mu braking.

Wanki Cho, Jangyeol Yoon and Kyongsu Ye (Seoul National University), and Taeyoung Jeong (Hyundai Mobis Corporation), An Investigation into Unified Chassis Control based on Correlation with Longitudinal/Lateral Tire Force Behavior, April 2009. Show summary

This paper presents a Unified Chassis Control strategy to improve vehicle stability and maneuverability by integrating Electronic Stability Control and Active Front Steering. CarSim is used in combination with Matlab/Simulink to investigate the performance of the controller in comparison to a conventional Electronic Stability Control. The simulations show the two controllers to have good performance in maintaining yaw rate and side slip response, but the proposed controller had better performance in controlling longitudinal acceleration.

Robert J. Rieveley, Bruce Minaker, Marc Maurini, Iva Shallvari and Justin Laport (University of Windsor), Development of an Advanced Driver Model and Simulation Environment for Automotive Racing, April 2009. Show summary

The University of Windsor Formula SAE team created a virtual simulation environment to aid in evaluation of proposed vehicle designs, suspension configuration and future driver training. Virtual prototyping and testing were achieved through co-simulation with Matlab/Simulink and CarSim. The proposed method was shown to be effective and robust in predicting driver response while controlling the vehicle within the developed simulation environment.

Sehyun Chang (Hyundai-Kia Motors) and Tim J. Gordon (University of Michigan), Improvement of Vehicle Dynamics using Model-Based Predictive Control, April 2009. Show summary

This paper examines the benefits of adding longitudinal control to the lateral and yaw motion control modes of conventional stability control systems. CarSim is used as the virtual test platform to evaluate controller benefits in a braking-in-a-turn maneuver under 9 different speed and load conditions. The authors report that the proposed controller maintains vehicle stability for overall driving conditions by preventing sideslip increase although sacrificing longitudinal deceleration.

Philippus Feenstra, Mark Wentink, Bruno Correia Gracio and Wim Bles (TNO Defence, Security and Safety, Human Factors, 3769 ZG Soesterberg, Netherlands) “Effects of Simulator Motion Space on Realism in the Desdemona Simulator.” Driving Simulator Conference 2009 Europe, Monoco – 4 – 6 February 2009. Show summary

The goal of the study was to assess the effect of an increasing motion space on the fidelity of driving simulation in the Desdemona research simulator. Subjects drove a car equivalent to a Volkswagen Passat through a slalom course in the Desdemona Driving Simulator. Vehicle dynamics were calculated by CarSim. Motion amplitude was varied from no motion to full motion on a 1:1 scale. The authors conclude that the experience is more realistic when motion cues are available in the range of 0.4 to 1, and participants indicated that motion and forces helped the conduct the task better.

Efstathios Velenis (Brunel University), Panagiotis Tsiotras (Georgia Institute of Technology), Jianbo Lu (Ford Motor Company), Trail-Braking Driver Input Parameterization for General Corner Geometry., December 2, 2008. Show summary

CarSim is used to integrate and validate driver controls that model high speed cornering techniques used by rally drivers.

Rob Rieveley (University of Windsor), Bruce Minaker (University of Windsor), Virtual Motorsports as a Vehicle Dynamics Teaching Tool, December 2, 2008. Show summary

Innovative automotive engineering course teaches vehicle dynamics through virtual racing competition.

Kunsoo Huh (Hanyang University), Junyeon Hwang (Hanyang University), Hyuck-min Na (Mando Corporation), Ho Gi Jung (Mando Corporation), Hyung-Jin Kang (Mando Corporation), Pal-Joo Yoon (Mando Corporation), Development of a Model Based Predictive Controller for Lane Keeping Assistance, April 17, 2008.

Byung-Lyul Choi (Framax Inc.), Dong-Hoon Choi (Hanyang University), Hyeongcheol Lee, Hyunsup Kim (Hanyang University), Integrated Chassis Design Procedure by using PIDO Technology, April 17, 2008. Show summary

CarSim is used in an automated process to change kinematic information and calibrate vehicle controllers.

Johan Eriksson (Lulea University of Technology), Mikael Nybacka (Lulea University of Technology), Tobias Larsson (Lulea University of Technology), Per Lindgren (Lulea University of Technology), Using Timber in a Multi-Body Design Environment to Develop Reliable Embedded Software , April 15, 2008. Show summary

CarSim is used in a paradigm system with other software packages to reduce the time it takes to develop embedded electronic systems while maintaining quality.

Hiromichi Nozaki (Kinki University), Masahito Kizu (Kinki University), Consideration of Suspension Mechanism with High Cornering Performance for a Formula Car, April 16, 2008. Show summary

The effect of an active camber control system was studied using CarSim as the vehicle model for the entire vehicle movement.

Vinod Cherian (The MathWorks), Rohit Shenoy (The MathWorks), Alec Stothert (The MathWorks), Justin S. Shriver (The MathWorks), Jason Ghidella (The MathWorks), Thomas Gillepsie (Mechanical Simulation Corporation), Model-Based Design of a SUV Anti-Rollover Control System, April 16, 2008. Show summary

CarSim was used to automatically optimize vehicle stability control systems. Engineers can swap out different vehicle configurations in the CarSim interface using a single Simulink model of the controller.

Cedric W. Mousseau (General Motors Corporation), Using Simulation to Quantify Sine with Dwell Maneuver Test Metric Variability, April 15, 2008. Show summary

CarSim was used to perform the Sine with Dwell simulation to determine how changes in vehicle properties affect the test results. Simulation results correlated well with proving ground testing.

Jinghong Yu (Honda R&D Americas Inc.), Michael Johnson (Honda R&D Americas Inc.), Vehicle Dynamics Simulation for Predicting Steering Power-Off Limit Performance , April 16, 2008. Show summary

The vehicle modeled with CarSim and a steering system model that are linked together. The simulation model correlated well with actual vehicle tests. It was used to predict steering effort torque during power steering failure.

Bo-Chiuan Chen (National Taipei University of Technology), Shiuh-Jer Huang (National Taipei University of Technology), Wei-Feng Hsu (National Taipei University of Technology), Return Control of Electric Power Steering System using Sliding Mode Approach , April 17, 2008. Show summary

CarSim is used as the virtual car in Matlab/Simulink to test a sliding mode electric power steering control.

Minchae Lee (Hanyang University), Myoungho Sunwoo , Jeamyoung Youn (Hanyang University), Jooyoung Ma (Hanyang University), Jaehyun Han (Hanyang University), Validation of a Seamless Development Process for Real-time ECUs using OSEK-OS based SILS/RCP , April 16, 2008. Show summary

The new algorithm was simulated with CarSim for validation of a process for overcoming the problem of temporal behaviors caused by computation time, task scheduling, network delays, etc.

Nathan Nantais (University of Windsor), Bruce P. Minaker (University of Windsor), Active Four Wheel Brake Proportioning for Improved Performance and Safety, April 17, 2008. Show summary

The simulation of an open-loop load transfer based, active brake pressure distribution system was carried out with CarSim, with load prediction calculated by MATLAB Simulink. It was found to accurately predict the normal load at each tire on a vehicle using only nominal vehicle parameters.

Kunsoo Huh (Hanyang University), Pal-Joo Yoon (Hanyang University), Daegun Hong (Mando Corporation), Kwangjin Han (Mando Corporation), Joogon Kim (Mando Corporation), Hyung-Jin Kang (Mando Corporation), A Model-Based Fault Diagnosis System for Electro-Hydraulic Brake, April 17, 2008. Show summary

CarSim is used as the vehicle model in a model-based fault diagnosis system for electro-hydraulic braking system.

Santhosh Chandrasekharan (The Ohio State University), “Development of a Tractor-Semitrailer Roll Stability Control Model.” Master of Science Thesis, 2007. Show summary

The object of this research was to develop an ESC system in software so that risky maneuvers could be studied in simulation and the responses of the truck studied. Tests were performed on a tractor-semitrailer outfitted with an ESC to understand the behavior of an ESC System from which to create models of ESC and Roll Stability Control systems. TruckSim was used as the vehicle model. Matlab Simulink was used for brake system and controller modeling. The simulation showed that the ESC system was capable of preventing the truck form rolling over when subjected to severe maneuvers at high speed.

Yuuki Shiozawa, Masatsugu Yokote, Masaaki Nawano, Hiroshi Mouri (Nissan Motor Co., Ltd.), Development of a Method for Controlling Unstable Vehicle Behavior, April 2007. Show summary

A model-based predictive controller is validated for a lane keeping assistant system using CarSim in a HIL system.

Matthew Shurtz, Dennis A. Guenther, Gary J. Heydinger, (Ohio State University); Scott B. Zagorski, (Transportation Research Center Inc.), Refinements of a Heavy Truck ABS Model, April 2007

Craig Stephen Ross (General Motors Corporation), Clinton Carey (General Motors Corporation), Todd C. Schanz (General Motors Corporation), Edmund F. Gaffney (General Motors Corporation), Michael J. Catalano (Dana Corporation), Development of an Electronically-Controlled, Limited Slip Differential (eLSD) for FWD Applications, April 2007

Ying Chen (General Motors Corporation), Brandon Jones (General Motors Corporation),Software Testing Strategies for Model-Based Chassis Control Systems, April 2007

Soo Bo Park (Hyundai Motor Co.), Sung Wook Hwang (Hyundai Motor Co.), Young Ho Oh (Hyundai Motor Co.), Un Koo Lee (Hyundai Motor Co.), Development of the Independent-Type Steer by Wire System, April 2007

Naoto Ohkubo (Honda R&D Co., Ltd.), Takehiro Horiuchi (Honda R&D Co., Ltd.), Osamu Yamamoto (Honda R&D Co., Ltd.), Hiromi Inagaki (Honda R&D Co., Ltd.), Brake Torque Sensing for Enhancement of Vehicle Dynamics Control Systems , April 2007

Ming Une Jen (Industrial Technology Research Institute) , Ming-Hung Lu (Industrial Technology Research Institute), Integration of Kinematics and Compliance Measurement with Vehicle Dynamics Validation for a Shared Platform, April 2007.

Mahesh Madurai Kumar (University of Michigan - Ann Arbor), Taehyun Shim (University of Michigan - Dearborn), Jahan Asgari (Ford Motor Co.), Development of a Vehicle Animation Tool Using MATLAB Virtual Reality Toolbox, April 2007

Mohammad Kamal (Altair Engineering Inc.), Taehyun Shim (University of Michigan - Dearborn), Development of Active Suspension Control for Combined Handling and Rollover Propensity Enhancement, April 2007

Ruediger Heim (Fraunhofer Institute LBF), Ivo Krause (Fraunhofer Institute LBF), Steffen Weingaertner (Fraunhofer Institute LBF), Runflat-Technology and its Impact on Design and Durability of Wheels , April 2007

Yuping He (University of Ontario), John McPhee (University of Waterloo), A Review of Automated Design Synthesis Approaches for Virtual Development of Ground Vehicle Suspensions , April 2007

Kunsoo Huh (Hanyang University), Jongchul Jung (Hanyang University), Daegun Hong (Hanyang University), Sunghyun Lim (LG Electronics), Sangoh Han (Hanyang University), Kwangjin Han (Hanyang University), Hee Young Jo (Hyundai Motor Co.), Jae Min Yun (Hyundai Motor Co.), Vehicle Mass Estimator Design for Adaptive Roll Stability Control, April 2007

C. Rengaraj, A.Adgar, C.S.Cox, D.A.Crolla, "Cosimulation of parameter based vehicle dynamics and an ABS control system," International Conference on Systems Engineering(ICSE2006) at University of Coventry, Coventry, United Kingdom, Sep 2006. Click here for the PDF.

Joseph P. Ryan, Michael W. Neal, James W. Mero, Frank J. Taverna, (General Motors Corporation), “Design of the Milford Road Course”, April 2005, Presented at the 2005 SAE World Congress and Exhibition. SAE 2005-01-0385. Show summary

CarSim is used to design the new handling road at the GM Milford Proving Grounds.

Jiang, F., "An Application of Nonlinear PID Control to a Class of Truck ABS Problems," Ford Motor Company, Product Development Center and The Applied Control Research Laboratory, Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Cleveland State University, Cleveland, Ohio. Click here for the PDF. Show summary

Various ABS control strategies are tested using TruckSim .

O'Dea, K., "Anti-Lock Braking Performance and Hydraulic Brake Pressure Estimation", 2005 SAE World Congress, Delphi Corporation, Detroit, Michigan. Click here for the PDF. Show summary

Engineers combine CarSim, Simulink, and AMESim to simulated advanced controllers, including the logic and hydraulics.

Sundaram, P., D'Ambrosio, J., et al., "Development of a Simulation Model for System Safety Analysis", Mathworks International Automotive Conference 2005, Delphi Corporation. Click here for the PDF.

Littlejohn, D., Fornari, T., Kuo, G., et al., "Performance, Robustness, and Durability of an Automatic Brake System for Vehicle Adaptive Cruise Control," 2004 SAE World Congress, SAE Paper 2004-01-0255, Delphi Corp and Michigan State University, Detroit, Michigan. Click here for the PDF.

Michael Daniel Dorohoff, Jr. – Ohio State University, “A Study of Vehicle Response Asymmetries during Severe Driving Maneuvers.” Master of Science Thesis, 2003. Show summary

The object of the research was to study vehicle response asymmetries during severe driving maneuvers as had been observed in field testing. Side-to-side differences in suspension stiffness was suspected as a source. CarSim was used to simulate these conditions and confirm the trend that softer side suspensions lead to earlier wheel liftoff. However the effect of lateral CG offset was found to dominate asymmetric vehicle response.

Ashley Liston Dunn – Ohio State University. “Jackknife Stability of Articulated Traqctor Semitrailer Vehicles with High-output Brakes and Jackknife Detection on Low Coefficient Surfaces.” Doctoral Thesis, 2003. Show summary

This thesis presents a detailed study of the effects on jackknife stability from using high torque brakes on highway tractors. A sophisticated nonlinear model for a complete pneumatic braking system was coupled with the TruckSim commercial vehicle simulation package to investigate stability with and without ABS. The author concludes that there was no detrimental influence on jackknife stability from higher-torque brakes.

Scott Bradley Zagorski – Ohio State University. “Compatibility of ABS Disc/drum Brakes on Class VIII Vehicles with Multiple Trailers and Their Effects on Jackknife Stability.” Master of Science Thesis, 2003. Show summary

This study investigated the jackknife stability of a tractor with doubles trailer combinations in brake-in-turn maneuvers with varying loads and surface conditions, and brake configurations. TruckSim was used to model the vehicle dynamics. Stability performance was examined over a multitude of conditions covering various vehicle configurations, disc and drum brakes, and ABS on or off at different axles locations.

Chen, C. and Peng, H., "Rollover prevention for Sports Utility Vehicles With Human-in-the-Loop Evaluations," 5th Int'l Symposium on Advanced Vehicle Control, August 2000, Ann Arbor, Michigan. Click here for the PDF. Show summary

Rollover is studied using TruckSim for regular simulation and also a driving simulator.

 

Kawauchi, Hl, Maegawa, A., et al., "Development of Quantitative Evaluation Method of Vehicle Stability & Controllability", SEI Technical Review - Number 59 - January 2005 - 7 Click here for the PDF. Show summary

Electronic controls are evaluated using Lissajous figures, which are also used to validate CarSim as a realistic simulation.

Watanabe, Y. and Sharp, R. S., "The Application of Neural Network Learning Control to the Design of a Low-Energy Active Suspension System." 4th International Symposium on Advanced Vehicle Control, AVEC '98, JSAE, 1998, Nagoya, Japan.